EXEGETING PAULINE SOTERIOLOGICAL LITERATURE

                                                   GALATIANS

NTS 627

                                                       Fall 2004

                                       James De Young, Instructor

                                                             

 

                                         COURSE DESCRIPTION

 

            How to be justified and how to experience spiritual growth are the foundational concerns of Christianity.  Exegeting the Greek text of Galatians, you will trace the argument of the author and do an intensive study of the great themes of salvation and sanctification, and other matters such as the significance of the Law and the covenants for the believer.  You will also study the authorship, date, structure, and place of origin of the epistle.

 

 

                                                             COURSE GOAL

 

            Under the guidance of the Spirit you will interpret the Epistle of Galatians by completing exegetical study tasks on the Greek text and by the practice of the disciplines for the purpose of applying the truths learned to personal living and to ministry.

 

 

                                          COURSE OBJECTIVES

     

I.          You will practice the study skills of a 15-step method for the exegesis of the Greek New Testament by applying principles and exegetical skills to Galatians.

           

            A.        You will be able to analyze the text by:

1.                  Pursuing spiritual preparation;

2.                  Translating and discovering (observing) the text;

3.                  Researching the historical background of the book;

4.                  Tracing the argument of the book;

5.                  Analyzing a paragraph;

6.                  Solving textual problems;         

7.                  Diagramming your paragraph;

8.                  Doing a semantic and rhetorical analysis;

9.                  Taking syntactical notes;

10.              Creating an exegetical outline;

11.              Doing a lexical/conceptual analysis;

12.              Discovering the OT context and parallel passages.

 

            B.         You will be able to synthesize your exegetical findings from the text by:

13.               Solving exegetical and theological problems in your paragraph;

14.              Validating the interpretation and outline;

15.              Contextualizing the text by

a.       Actualizing the essential reality of the text;

b.      Correlating the text to world view;

c.       Teaching the text;

d.      Writing a commentary.

 

            C.        You will be able to employ those tools, books, and computer programs necessary for a credible interpretation of the text as evidenced by your use of them in the exegetical tasks throughout the course.

 

II.         You will be able to read Galatians in the Greek text by:

 

            A.        Translating the text using whatever tools you desire;

            B.         Reading Galatians in class from the UBS or Aland text; and,

            C.        Reading the text two more times, gradually using fewer tools until you are reading only the UBS text;

 

III.       You will come to understand better the book of Galatians by:

            A.        Performing the exegetical tasks outlined above;

            B.         Reading a commentary on Galatians;

            C.        Reading articles related to issues in Galatians; and,

            D.        Practicing the disciplines of meditation and prayer (in addition to study).

 

IV.       You will contextualize your understanding of Galatians by:

            A.        Applying the general principles you distilled from the text to your communities of faith;

            B.         Drawing correlations of the truths of Galatians to biblical theology and a Christian world view; and,

            C.        Recording personal applications learned through the practice of the disciplines weekly in a journal.

 

V.        You will come to appreciate the significance of the book of Galatians to the Church by:

            A.        Understanding its crucial doctrines, such as justification by faith, through doing exegesis of the book; and,

            B.         Becoming acquainted with its role in the historical development of these doctrines by reading a commentary.

           

                                      COURSE REQUIREMENTS

 

I.          Reading Galatians in the Greek text three times.  Each reading is due as indicated on the schedule (8 hrs).

 

II.         Occasionally translating in class the Greek text and identifying grammatical forms and functions.  The student is responsible for the portion assigned on the schedule.  Preparation for reading in class counts toward reading the text three times (0 hrs; 200 pts).

 

III.       Reading outside of class the commentary portion of either A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Galatians, by Ernest DeWitt Burton, pp. 1-362 (except for fine print); or Commentary On Galatians, by F. F. Bruce, pp. 71-278.  This is to be done in conjunction with the class progression through the book (10 hrs).

 

IV.       Reading brief articles on the significance of law for the Christian; and sections from M. Silva, Explorations in Exegetical Method:  Galatians As a Test Case (3 hrs).

 

V.        Completing exegetical products from the 15-step method (30 hours; 1400 points).

           

VI.              Keeping weekly a brief journal of the fruits of meditation, prayer, and study of Galatians  (9 hrs; 500 pts).

 

VII.      Additional Th.M. requirements (to be assigned).  These may be in the form of additional reading; an additional paragraph on which to do exegesis; or some other approved project proposed by the student.

 

 

                                                            COURSE POLICIES

 

1.         All written assignments (underlined on syllabus) are due on the day specified.  Late work will be penalized unless excused.  Assignments with no point value must be completed as competency requirements; failure to do so will result in one grade reduction for each such assignment not completed.

 

2.         Attendance is required as stated in the catalogue:  no more than 3 weeks of class sessions may be missed.

 

3.         Expected ratio of number of hours of homework to number of hours in class is two to one for an average (B) grade.

 

4.         Those assignments with an asterisk are to be duplicated for classmates.

 

5.         Institutional grading scale:          A+       99-100%

                                                            A         95-98%

                                                            A-        93-94%

                                                            B+       91-92%

                                                            B          85-90%

                                                            B-        83-84%

                                                            C+       81-82%

                                                            C         75-80%

                                                            C-        73-74%

                                                            D+       71-72%

                                                            D         65-70%          

                                                            D-        63-64%

 

                                    COURSE CONTENT AND SCHEDULE

 

Sept     9          Introduction to the course; Assignments; Galatians 1

 

Sept     16        Steps 1-2; Galatians 1-2

 

Sept     23        Step 3; Galatians 2

 

Sept     30        Step 4-5; Galatians 2

 

Oct       7         Steps 6; Galatians 3

 

Oct      14        Step 7; 1st reading due; Galatians 3

 

Oct      21        Step 8;  Galatians 4

 

Oct      28        Steps 9-10; Galatians 4;  De Young’s paper:  “But As Then . . . So Even Now”

 

Nov     4          Step 11; Galatians 4

 

Nov     11        Step 12; Galatians 5

 

Nov     18        Step 13; 2nd reading due; Galatians 5

 

Nov     25       Thanksgiving

 

Dec      2          Step 14; Galatians 5; Role of the Law (law)

 

Dec      9          Step 15 a-b-c; Galatians 6

 

Dec      16        Step 15 d; 3rd reading due; reading of commentary due; Galatians 6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                                                             

 

 

 

 

                                                               BIBLIOGRAPHY

 

                                                              James B. De Young

 

Alford, H.  The Greek Testament.  Vol.3

     

Barclay, W. The Letter to the Galatians and Ephesians.

 

Betz, Hans Dieter.  Galatians (Hermeneia)

 

Bruce, F. F.  Commentary on Galatians (NIGTC)

 

Burton, Ernest DeW.  A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Galatians (ICC).

 

Calvin, J.  Calvin's Commentaries.  Vol. 11

 

Cole, R. A.  Epistle of Paul to the Galatians (Tyndale)

 

Conybeare, W. J. and J. S. Howson.  The life and Epistles of St. Paul.

 

Duncan, G.S.  Epistle of Paul to Galatians (Moffatt)

 

Eadie, J.  Galatians.

 

Ellicott, C. J.  Critical and Grammatical Commentary on Galatians.  

 

Eerdman, C. F.  Epistle of Paul to Galatians.

 

Findlay, G. G.  Epistle to Galatians  (Expositor's Bible)

 

Guthrie, D. ed.  Galatians (Century Bible)

 

Hendricksen, W.,  Galatians (N.T. Commentary)

 

Hogg, C. F. and Vine.  Epistle to Galatians.

 

Hovey, A.  American Commentary on N.T.:  Galatians.

 

Jowett, B.  Epistles of Paul to Thessalonians, Galatians, and Romans.

 

Kelly, W.  Lectures on Galatiana.

 

Kent, H.  Freedom of God's Sons.

 

Lange, J. P.  Commentary on Galatians.

 

Lenski, R. C. H.  Interpretation of Paul's Epistles to Galatians.

 

Lightfoot, J. B.  The Epistle of St. Paul to the Galatians.

 

Luther, M.  Commentary on Galatians (Works, Vol. 26, 27).

 

Meyer, H. A. W.  Epistle to Galatians.

 

Moule, H. C. G.  Cross and Spirit.

 

Neil, William.  The Letter of Paul to the Galatians.  Cambridge Bible Commentary (NEB).

 

Perowne, E. B.  Galatians  (Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges).

 

Ramsay, W. M.  Historical Commentary on the Epistle to Galatians.

 

Randall, F.  Epistle to Galatians (Expositor's Greek Testament).

 

Ribberbos, H. N.  Epistle of Paul to the Churches of Galatia (NIC).

 

Silva, M.  Explorations in Exegetical Method:  Galatians As a Test Case.

 

Stamm, R. T.  Epistle to Galatians (Interpreter's Bible).

 

Stott, J. R. W.  The Message of Galatians.  (IVP)

 

Tenney, M. C.  Galatians:  The Charter of Christian Liberty.

 

Vos, H. F.  Galatians:  A Call to Christian Liberty.

 

Williams, A.  Galatians (Cambridge Greek Testament).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                                                    ARTICLES

 

 

Bellville, L.  "Under the Law:  Structural Analysis of the Pauline Concept of Law in Gal.             3:21-4:11."  JSNT 26 (1986) 53-78.

 

Breshears, G. "The Place of Law in the Life of the Believer in Christ."  ETS Paper, 1989.

 

Callan, Terrance. "Pauline Midrash:  The Exegetical Background of Gal. 3:19b."  JBL 99:4 (Dec. 1980), 549-567.

 

Chismar, Douglas E. and Rausch, David A.  "Regarding Theonomy:  An Essay of Concern"  27:3 (Sept. 1984) 315‑323.

 

De Young, James B.  “‘But As Then . . . So Even Now’:  Toward an Understanding and Reproduction of Paul’s Allegory in Galatians 4:21-31; with Implications for the Role of History and General Revelation in the Interpretive Process.”  Paper presented to the Evangelical Theological Society, Santa Clara, CA, 1997.

 

Fung, Ronald Y.K.  "A Note on Galatians 2:3-8."  JETS 25:1, (March, 1982), 49-52.

 

Kaiser, Walter.  "The Old Testament Law and New Testament Believers."  Chap. 19 in             Toward Old Testament Ethics.  Grand Rapids:  Eerdmans, 1983.  7 pp.

 

Longnecker, Richard N.  "The Pedagogical Nature of the Law in Galatians 3:19-4:7."  JETS 25:1, (March, 1982), 53-62.

 

Magnuson, Roger J.  "Law: The Harness and the Guidepost."  Christian Legal Society Quarterly  6:1 (1985) 6‑11.

 

Moo, Douglas J.  "`Law,' `Works of the Law,' and Legalism in Paul."  Westminster Theological Journal 45(1983) 73‑100.

 

              .  "The Law of Moses or the Law of Christ."  Chap. 9 in Continuity and  Discontinuity.

 

Schreiner, Thomas R.  "Is Perfect Obedience to the Law Possible?  A Re-examination of          Galatians 3:10."  JETS 27:2 (June, 1984), 151-160.

 

                  .  "Abolition and Fulfillment of the Law in Christ."  JSNT 35 (1989):

            47-74.

 

Walton, John.  "Deuteronomy:  An Exposition of the Spirit of the Law."  GTJ 8:2 (1987): 211-225.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

                                                                GALATIANS

 

Controlling Purpose

 

Paul warns the Galatians that to add works to faith perverts the Gospel of Christ divinely given to him, as an apostle, and exhorts them to live consistently in accord with this Gospel of liberty by actualizing their essential reality in their historical reality.

 

Introduction (1:1‑10).  Paul introduces the occasion and theme of his epistle to the Galatians.

            

            A.        He addresses the churches of Galatia (1:1‑5).

     

1.                  He introduces his authority as an apostle (1)

 

       

2.                  He designates the parties of the epistle (2)

 

         

                        3.         He wishes grace and peace upon the readers (3)

         

 

                        4.         He cites the redemptive work of Christ and its purpose (4)

         

 

                        5.         He expresses his doxology to the Father (5)

 

     

            B.         He cites the occasion of his epistle (6‑10)

           

                        1.         He marvels at their quick departure from the gospel  (6)     

 

           

                        2.         He curses those wishing to pervert the Gospel of Christ (7‑9)

       

 

 

                        3.         He is motivated to please God not men (10)

 

       

  I.        Paul vindicates his Gospel and his authority as an apostle of it (1:11‑2:21) (personal and Gospel defense).

    

            A.        Source:  he received his Gospel by revelation given from Jesus Christ (1:11‑12)

 

 

 

 

            B.         Substantiation:  his authority as an apostle of the gospel derives from God not man (1:13‑24)

       

                        1.         Zeal for Judaism directly opposed to his Gospel characterized his preconversion life (13‑14)                             

           

 

 

                        2.         His conversion and apostleship came from divine revelation alone (15‑16a)

       

 

                        3.         His theology was not formed by contacts with others (16b‑17)

 

           

                        4.         His first visit to Jerusalem was limited with respect to time and persons (18‑20)

           

 

                        5.         His initial ministry took place in Syria and Cilicia, not Judea (21‑24)

 

 

 

 

            C.        His Gospel was approved by the Apostles when he again visited Jerusalem (2:1‑l0)

       

                        1.         He went to Jerusalem by revelation (1‑2)

 

 

                        2.         He refused to yield to those seeking by means of works to corrupt the truth of the Gospel (3‑5)

 

 

                        3.         His apostleship to the Gentiles was warmly recognized by the Apostles there (6‑10)

 

 

 

     

            D.        He demonstrated the implications of his authority and his Gospel in his controversy with Peter at Antioch (2:11‑21)

       

                        1.         The Occasion:  Peter acted the hypocrite when with Gentiles and then later with Jews (11‑13)

 

 

 

                        2.         The correction:  Paul rebuked Peter's perversion of the truth of the Gospel (14)

 

  

                        3.         The conclusion:  righteousness comes by faith in Christ, not by works of the law (15‑21)

 

 

 

 

 II.        Paul confirms the Gospel of justification by faith apart from works of the law (3:1‑4:31), (fourfold polemical argument.)       

 

            A.        Their reception of the Spirit by faith, not by works of the law (3:1‑5) (argument from experience)

       

                        1.         They began in the Spirit by faith (1‑2)

 

 

                        2.         They continue in the Spirit by faith (3‑5)

       

                                    a.         They cannot be completed by flesh (3)

 

 

b.                  Their present suffering has not been in vain (4)

 

 

c.                   God continues to supply the Spirit and works miracles by faith (5)

 

 

 

            B.         The references of Scripture prove justification is by faith not by works of the law (3:6‑14) 

        

                        1.         Abraham was counted righteous by believing (6)

 

 

                        2.         Those of faith are the sons of Abraham (7‑9)

 

 

                        3.         Those of works of the law are condemned under a curse (10)

 

       

                        4.         The just shall live by faith (11)

 

 

                        5.         The law is characterized by works not faith (12)

 

       

                        6.         Christ redeemed believers from the law's curse in order that they might inherit the blessing (promise) of Abraham (13‑14)

 

 

            C.        The relationship of the law to promise must be distinguished (3:15‑4:7)

       

                        1.         The promise of the covenant is more certain than the law (15‑18)

 

                                    a.         The promise of the covenant is more certain than the law (15)

 

                                    b.         The promise is Christological (16)

 

 

                                    c.         The law did not cancel the earlier promise (17)

 

                                    d.         The inheritance comes by the promise not the law (18)  

           

                        2.         The purpose of the law differs from that of the promise (19‑25)

       

                                    a.         The law shows man's sin; it does not bring righteousness (19‑22)

 

 

 

 

                                    b.         The law tutored men unto Christ (23‑25)

 

 

 

                        3.         The heirs of the promise hold the position of sonship (3:26‑4:7)

       

                                    a.         They are united to Christ the Son by faith without distinction (3:26‑29)

 

 

 

 

                                    b.         They are heirs of God as adopted sons no longer under guardianship (4:1‑7)

 

 

 

 

 

 

            D.        Returning to the law means retrogression (4:8‑31)

       

                        1.         The estate under the law is one of bondage (8‑11)

 

 

 

 

                        2.         The entreaty of Paul pleads for present reconciliation (12‑20)

       

                                    a.         He recalls their highly favorable reception of him at the first (12‑15)

 

 

 

 

                                    b.         He continues to desire their spiritual growth (16‑20)

 

 

 

 

 

                        3.         Scripture exalts their new relationship of liberty (21‑31)

 

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